The Medina of Tunis: A Testament to Islamic Urban Planning

The Medina of Tunis is the old city of Tunis, the capital of Tunisia, and a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is one of the best-preserved Arab-Muslim old towns in North Africa and showcases the history, culture, and traditional lifestyle of Tunisia. Built after the Arab conquest of North Africa in the 7th century, it replaced Carthage as a regional center around 698 AD. During the 9th century Aghlabid dynasty, it became an important religious and commercial hub. The Medina reached its peak during the Hafsid dynasty (13th-16th centuries), becoming a center of Islamic scholarship and trade, attracting scholars, merchants, and artisans. During the French colonial period in the late 19th century, the new city (Ville Nouvelle) was built outside the Medina, creating a stark contrast between the old and new urban areas. **Main Attractions** 1. Al-Zaytuna Mosque - Features 9th-century arcades and a square minaret, a courtyard that can accommodate thousands of worshippers, and a library containing precious ancient books. 2. Souks (Traditional Markets) - **Souk El Attarine** (Perfume Market): Filled with the aromas of spices, herbs, and traditional perfumes. - **Souk El Berka** (Fabric Market): Offers silk, wool fabrics, and traditional Tunisian clothing. - **Souk El Leffa** (Carpet Market): Showcases a dazzling array of hand-carved copper lamps, tea sets, and other items. 3. Dar Ben Abdallah - A 19th-century aristocratic mansion, now the Museum of Popular Arts and Traditions, exhibiting traditional clothing, furniture, and wedding customs. 4. Bab El Khadra - A historic city gate, a testament to the Medina's defense system.